macOS Users

Support HackTricks

Common Users

  • Daemon: Mtumiaji aliyehifadhiwa kwa ajili ya daemons za mfumo. Majina ya akaunti za daemon za kawaida huanza kwa "_":

_amavisd, _analyticsd, _appinstalld, _appleevents, _applepay, _appowner, _appserver, _appstore, _ard, _assetcache, _astris, _atsserver, _avbdeviced, _calendar, _captiveagent, _ces, _clamav, _cmiodalassistants, _coreaudiod, _coremediaiod, _coreml, _ctkd, _cvmsroot, _cvs, _cyrus, _datadetectors, _demod, _devdocs, _devicemgr, _diskimagesiod, _displaypolicyd, _distnote, _dovecot, _dovenull, _dpaudio, _driverkit, _eppc, _findmydevice, _fpsd, _ftp, _fud, _gamecontrollerd, _geod, _hidd, _iconservices, _installassistant, _installcoordinationd, _installer, _jabber, _kadmin_admin, _kadmin_changepw, _knowledgegraphd, _krb_anonymous, _krb_changepw, _krb_kadmin, _krb_kerberos, _krb_krbtgt, _krbfast, _krbtgt, _launchservicesd, _lda, _locationd, _logd, _lp, _mailman, _mbsetupuser, _mcxalr, _mdnsresponder, _mobileasset, _mysql, _nearbyd, _netbios, _netstatistics, _networkd, _nsurlsessiond, _nsurlstoraged, _oahd, _ondemand, _postfix, _postgres, _qtss, _reportmemoryexception, _rmd, _sandbox, _screensaver, _scsd, _securityagent, _softwareupdate, _spotlight, _sshd, _svn, _taskgated, _teamsserver, _timed, _timezone, _tokend, _trustd, _trustevaluationagent, _unknown, _update_sharing, _usbmuxd, _uucp, _warmd, _webauthserver, _windowserver, _www, _wwwproxy, _xserverdocs
  • Guest: Akaunti kwa wageni wenye ruhusa kali sana

state=("automaticTime" "afpGuestAccess" "filesystem" "guestAccount" "smbGuestAccess")
for i in "${state[@]}"; do sysadminctl -"${i}" status; done;
  • Hakuna mtu: Mchakato unatekelezwa na mtumiaji huyu wakati ruhusa ndogo zinahitajika

  • Root

Ruhusa za Mtumiaji

  • Mtumiaji wa Kawaida: Mtumiaji wa msingi zaidi. Mtumiaji huyu anahitaji ruhusa zinazotolewa na mtumiaji wa admin anapojaribu kufunga programu au kufanya kazi nyingine za juu. Hawawezi kufanya hivyo peke yao.

  • Mtumiaji wa Admin: Mtumiaji ambaye anafanya kazi mara nyingi kama mtumiaji wa kawaida lakini pia anaruhusiwa kufanya vitendo vya root kama vile kufunga programu na kazi nyingine za kiutawala. Watumiaji wote wanaotegemea kundi la admin wanapewa ufikiaji wa root kupitia faili ya sudoers.

  • Root: Root ni mtumiaji anayeruhusiwa kufanya karibu kila kitendo (kuna vizuizi vinavyowekwa na ulinzi kama vile Ulinzi wa Uadilifu wa Mfumo).

  • Kwa mfano root hataweza kuweka faili ndani ya /System

Support HackTricks

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