135, 593 - Pentesting MSRPC

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Basic Information

Protokali ya Microsoft Remote Procedure Call (MSRPC), mfano wa mteja-server unaowezesha programu kuomba huduma kutoka kwa programu iliyoko kwenye kompyuta nyingine bila kuelewa maelezo ya mtandao, ilitokana awali na programu za chanzo wazi na baadaye kuendelezwa na kupewa hakimiliki na Microsoft.

Mchoro wa mwisho wa RPC unaweza kufikiwa kupitia bandari ya TCP na UDP 135, SMB kwenye TCP 139 na 445 (ikiwa na kikao kisichokuwa na thamani au kilichothibitishwa), na kama huduma ya wavuti kwenye bandari ya TCP 593.

135/tcp   open     msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC

Jinsi MSRPC inavyofanya kazi?

Iliyanzishwa na programu ya mteja, mchakato wa MSRPC unahusisha kuita utaratibu wa ndani wa stub ambao kisha unashirikiana na maktaba ya wakati wa mteja kuandaa na kupeleka ombi kwa seva. Hii inajumuisha kubadilisha vigezo kuwa muundo wa kawaida wa Uwakilishi wa Takwimu za Mtandao. Chaguo la itifaki ya usafirishaji linatolewa na maktaba ya wakati wa ikiwa seva iko mbali, kuhakikisha kuwa RPC inapelekwa kupitia safu ya mtandao.

Kutambua Huduma za RPC Zilizofichuliwa

Ufunuo wa huduma za RPC kupitia TCP, UDP, HTTP, na SMB unaweza kubainishwa kwa kuuliza huduma ya mlocator ya RPC na mwisho mmoja binafsi. Zana kama rpcdump husaidia katika kutambua huduma za RPC za kipekee, zinazoonyeshwa na thamani za IFID, zikifunua maelezo ya huduma na vifungo vya mawasiliano:

D:\rpctools> rpcdump [-p port] <IP>
**IFID**: 5a7b91f8-ff00-11d0-a9b2-00c04fb6e6fc version 1.0
Annotation: Messenger Service
UUID: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
Binding: ncadg_ip_udp:<IP>[1028]

Upatikanaji wa huduma ya RPC locator umewezeshwa kupitia protokali maalum: ncacn_ip_tcp na ncadg_ip_udp kwa upatikanaji kupitia bandari 135, ncacn_np kwa muunganisho wa SMB, na ncacn_http kwa mawasiliano ya RPC ya mtandao. Amri zifuatazo zinaonyesha matumizi ya moduli za Metasploit kukagua na kuingiliana na huduma za MSRPC, hasa zikizingatia bandari 135:

use auxiliary/scanner/dcerpc/endpoint_mapper
use auxiliary/scanner/dcerpc/hidden
use auxiliary/scanner/dcerpc/management
use auxiliary/scanner/dcerpc/tcp_dcerpc_auditor
rpcdump.py <IP> -p 135

All options except tcp_dcerpc_auditor are specifically designed for targeting MSRPC on port 135.

Notable RPC interfaces

IFID: 12345778-1234-abcd-ef00-0123456789ab
Named Pipe: \pipe\lsarpc
Description: Kiolesura cha LSA, kinachotumika kuorodhesha watumiaji.
IFID: 3919286a-b10c-11d0-9ba8-00c04fd92ef5
Named Pipe: \pipe\lsarpc
Description: Kiolesura cha LSA Directory Services (DS), kinachotumika kuorodhesha maeneo na uhusiano wa kuaminiana.
IFID: 12345778-1234-abcd-ef00-0123456789ac
Named Pipe: \pipe\samr
Description: Kiolesura cha LSA SAMR, kinachotumika kufikia vipengele vya umma vya database ya SAM (mfano, majina ya watumiaji) na kujaribu nywila za watumiaji bila kujali sera ya kufunga akaunti.
IFID: 1ff70682-0a51-30e8-076d-740be8cee98b
Named Pipe: \pipe\atsvc
Description: Mpangaji wa kazi, unatumika kutekeleza amri kwa mbali.
IFID: 338cd001-2244-31f1-aaaa-900038001003
Named Pipe: \pipe\winreg
Description: Huduma ya rejista ya mbali, inatumika kufikia na kubadilisha rejista ya mfumo.
IFID: 367abb81-9844-35f1-ad32-98f038001003
Named Pipe: \pipe\svcctl
Description: Meneja wa kudhibiti huduma na huduma za seva, unatumika kuanzisha na kusitisha huduma kwa mbali na kutekeleza amri.
IFID: 4b324fc8-1670-01d3-1278-5a47bf6ee188
Named Pipe: \pipe\srvsvc
Description: Meneja wa kudhibiti huduma na huduma za seva, unatumika kuanzisha na kusitisha huduma kwa mbali na kutekeleza amri.
IFID: 4d9f4ab8-7d1c-11cf-861e-0020af6e7c57
Named Pipe: \pipe\epmapper
Description: Kiolesura cha DCOM, kinachotumika kwa kujaribu nywila na ukusanyaji wa taarifa kupitia WM.

Identifying IP addresses

Using https://github.com/mubix/IOXIDResolver, comes from Airbus research is possible to abuse the ServerAlive2 method inside the IOXIDResolver interface.

This method has been used to get interface information as IPv6 address from the HTB box APT. See here for 0xdf APT writeup, it includes an alternative method using rpcmap.py from Impacket with stringbinding (see above).

Executing a RCE with valid credentials

It is possible to execute remote code on a machine, if the credentials of a valid user are available using dcomexec.py from impacket framework.

Remember to try with the different objects available

ShellWindows
ShellBrowserWindow
MMC20

Port 593

The rpcdump.exe from rpctools can interact with this port.

References