U iptables-u, liste pravila poznate kao lanci se obrađuju sekvencijalno. Među njima, tri osnovna lanca su univerzalno prisutna, dok dodatni kao što je NAT mogu biti podržani u zavisnosti od mogućnosti sistema.
Input Chain: Koristi se za upravljanje ponašanjem dolaznih konekcija.
Forward Chain: Koristi se za rukovanje dolaznim konekcijama koje nisu namenjene lokalnom sistemu. Ovo je tipično za uređaje koji deluju kao ruteri, gde su podaci koji se primaju namenjeni za prosleđivanje na drugu destinaciju. Ovaj lanac je relevantan prvenstveno kada je sistem uključen u rutiranje, NAT-ovanje ili slične aktivnosti.
Ovi lanci osiguravaju urednu obradu mrežnog saobraćaja, omogućavajući precizno definisanje detaljnih pravila koja upravljaju protokom podataka u, kroz i iz sistema.
# Delete all rulesiptables-F# List all rulesiptables-Liptables-S# Block IP addresses & portsiptables-IINPUT-sip1,ip2,ip3-jDROPiptables-IINPUT-ptcp--dport443-jDROPiptables-IINPUT-sip1,ip2-ptcp--dport443-jDROP# String based drop## Strings are case sensitive (pretty easy to bypass if you want to check an SQLi for example)iptables-IINPUT-ptcp--dport<port_listening>-mstring--algobm--string'<payload>'-jDROPiptables-IOUTPUT-ptcp--sport<port_listening>-mstring--algobm--string'CTF{'-jDROP## You can also check for the hex, base64 and double base64 of the expected CTF flag chars# Drop every input port except someiptables-PINPUTDROP# Default to dropiptables-IINPUT-ptcp--dport8000-jACCEPTiptables-IINPUT-ptcp--dport443-jACCEPT# Persist Iptables## Debian/Ubuntu:apt-getinstalliptables-persistentiptables-save>/etc/iptables/rules.v4ip6tables-save>/etc/iptables/rules.v6iptables-restore</etc/iptables/rules.v4##RHEL/CentOS:iptables-save>/etc/sysconfig/iptablesip6tables-save>/etc/sysconfig/ip6tablesiptables-restore</etc/sysconfig/iptables
Suricata
Instalacija i Konfiguracija
# Install details from: https://suricata.readthedocs.io/en/suricata-6.0.0/install.html#install-binary-packages# Ubuntuadd-apt-repositoryppa:oisf/suricata-stableapt-getupdateapt-getinstallsuricata# Debianecho"deb http://http.debian.net/debian buster-backports main"> \/etc/apt/sources.list.d/backports.listapt-getupdateapt-getinstallsuricata-tbuster-backports# CentOSyuminstallepel-releaseyuminstallsuricata# Get rulessuricata-updatesuricata-updatelist-sources#List sources of the rulessuricata-updateenable-sourceet/open#Add et/open rulesetssuricata-update## To use the dowloaded rules update the following line in /etc/suricata/suricata.yamldefault-rule-path:/var/lib/suricata/rulesrule-files:-suricata.rules# Run## Add rules in /etc/suricata/rules/suricata.rulessystemctlsuricatastartsuricata-c/etc/suricata/suricata.yaml-ieth0# Reload rulessuricatasc-cruleset-reload-nonblocking## or set the follogin in /etc/suricata/suricata.yamldetect-engine:-rule-reload:true# Validate suricata configsuricata-T-c/etc/suricata/suricata.yaml-v# Configure suricata as IPs## Config drop to generate alerts## Search for the following lines in /etc/suricata/suricata.yaml and remove comments:-drop:alerts:yesflows:all## Forward all packages to the queue where suricata can act as IPSiptables-IINPUT-jNFQUEUEiptables-IOUTPUT-jNFQUEUE## Start suricata in IPS modesuricata-c/etc/suricata/suricata.yaml-q0### or modify the service config file as:systemctleditsuricata.service[Service]ExecStart=ExecStart=/usr/bin/suricata-c/etc/suricata/suricata.yaml--pidfile/run/suricata.pid-q0-vvvType=simplesystemctldaemon-reload
Postoji stotine opcija dostupnih u Suricata za pretragu specifičnog paketa koji tražite, ovde će biti pomenuto ako se pronađe nešto zanimljivo. Proverite dokumentaciju za više informacija!
# Meta Keywordsmsg:"description"; #Set a description to the rulesid:123#Set a unique ID to the rulerev:1#Rule revision numberconfigclassification:not-suspicious,NotSuspiciousTraffic,3#Classifyreference:url,www.info.com#Referencepriority:1; #Set a prioritymetadata:keyvalue,keyvalue; #Extra metadata# Filter by geolocationgeoip:src,RU;# ICMP type & Codeitype:<10;icode:0# Filter by stringcontent:"something"content:|616161|#Hex: AAAcontent:"http|3A|//"#Mix string and hexcontent:"abc"; nocase; #Case insensitiverejecttcpanyany ->anyany (msg: "php-rce"; content:"eval"; nocase; metadata:tagphp-rce; sid:101; rev:1;)# Replaces string## Content and replace string must have the same lengthcontent:"abc"; replace:"def"alerttcpanyany ->anyany (msg: "flag replace"; content:"CTF{a6st"; replace:"CTF{u798"; nocase; sid:100; rev:1;)## The replace works in both input and output packets## But it only modifies the first match# Filter by regexpcre:"/<regex>/opts"pcre:"/NICK .*USA.*[0-9]{3,}/i"droptcpanyany ->anyany (msg:"regex"; pcre:"/CTF\{[\w]{3}/i"; sid:10001;)# Other examples## Drop by portdroptcpanyany ->any8000 (msg:"8000 port"; sid:1000;)