Angr

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Parte di questo cheatsheet è basata sulla documentazione angr.

Installazione

sudo apt-get install python3-dev libffi-dev build-essential
python3 -m pip install --user virtualenv
python3 -m venv ang
source ang/bin/activate
pip install angr

Azioni di Base

import angr
import monkeyhex # this will format numerical results in hexadecimal
#Load binary
proj = angr.Project('/bin/true')

#BASIC BINARY DATA
proj.arch #Get arch "<Arch AMD64 (LE)>"
proj.arch.name #'AMD64'
proj.arch.memory_endness #'Iend_LE'
proj.entry #Get entrypoint "0x4023c0"
proj.filename #Get filename "/bin/true"

#There are specific options to load binaries
#Usually you won't need to use them but you could
angr.Project('examples/fauxware/fauxware', main_opts={'backend': 'blob', 'arch': 'i386'}, lib_opts={'libc.so.6': {'backend': 'elf'}})

Informazioni sugli oggetti caricati e principali

Dati caricati

#LOADED DATA
proj.loader #<Loaded true, maps [0x400000:0x5004000]>
proj.loader.min_addr #0x400000
proj.loader.max_addr #0x5004000
proj.loader.all_objects #All loaded
proj.loader.shared_objects #Loaded binaries
"""
OrderedDict([('true', <ELF Object true, maps [0x400000:0x40a377]>),
('libc.so.6',
<ELF Object libc-2.31.so, maps [0x500000:0x6c4507]>),
('ld-linux-x86-64.so.2',
<ELF Object ld-2.31.so, maps [0x700000:0x72c177]>),
('extern-address space',
<ExternObject Object cle##externs, maps [0x800000:0x87ffff]>),
('cle##tls',
<ELFTLSObjectV2 Object cle##tls, maps [0x900000:0x91500f]>)])
"""
proj.loader.all_elf_objects #Get all ELF objects loaded (Linux)
proj.loader.all_pe_objects #Get all binaries loaded (Windows)
proj.loader.find_object_containing(0x400000)#Get object loaded in an address "<ELF Object fauxware, maps [0x400000:0x60105f]>"

Oggetto Principale

#Main Object (main binary loaded)
obj = proj.loader.main_object #<ELF Object true, maps [0x400000:0x60721f]>
obj.execstack #"False" Check for executable stack
obj.pic #"True" Check PIC
obj.imports #Get imports
obj.segments #<Regions: [<ELFSegment flags=0x5, relro=0x0, vaddr=0x400000, memsize=0xa74, filesize=0xa74, offset=0x0>, <ELFSegment flags=0x4, relro=0x1, vaddr=0x600e28, memsize=0x1d8, filesize=0x1d8, offset=0xe28>, <ELFSegment flags=0x6, relro=0x0, vaddr=0x601000, memsize=0x60, filesize=0x50, offset=0x1000>]>
obj.find_segment_containing(obj.entry) #Get segment by address
obj.sections #<Regions: [<Unnamed | offset 0x0, vaddr 0x0, size 0x0>, <.interp | offset 0x238, vaddr 0x400238, size 0x1c>, <.note.ABI-tag | offset 0x254, vaddr 0x400254, size 0x20>, <.note.gnu.build-id ...
obj.find_section_containing(obj.entry) #Get section by address
obj.plt['strcmp'] #Get plt address of a funcion (0x400550)
obj.reverse_plt[0x400550] #Get function from plt address ('strcmp')

Simboli e Rilocazioni

strcmp = proj.loader.find_symbol('strcmp') #<Symbol "strcmp" in libc.so.6 at 0x1089cd0>

strcmp.name #'strcmp'
strcmp.owne #<ELF Object libc-2.23.so, maps [0x1000000:0x13c999f]>
strcmp.rebased_addr #0x1089cd0
strcmp.linked_addr #0x89cd0
strcmp.relative_addr #0x89cd0
strcmp.is_export #True, as 'strcmp' is a function exported by libc

#Get strcmp from the main object
main_strcmp = proj.loader.main_object.get_symbol('strcmp')
main_strcmp.is_export #False
main_strcmp.is_import #True
main_strcmp.resolvedby #<Symbol "strcmp" in libc.so.6 at 0x1089cd0>

Blocchi

#Blocks
block = proj.factory.block(proj.entry) #Get the block of the entrypoint fo the binary
block.pp() #Print disassembly of the block
block.instructions #"0xb" Get number of instructions
block.instruction_addrs #Get instructions addresses "[0x401670, 0x401672, 0x401675, 0x401676, 0x401679, 0x40167d, 0x40167e, 0x40167f, 0x401686, 0x40168d, 0x401694]"

Analisi Dinamica

Gestore di Simulazione, Stati

#Live States
#This is useful to modify content in a live analysis
state = proj.factory.entry_state()
state.regs.rip #Get the RIP
state.mem[proj.entry].int.resolved #Resolve as a C int (BV)
state.mem[proj.entry].int.concreteved #Resolve as python int
state.regs.rsi = state.solver.BVV(3, 64) #Modify RIP
state.mem[0x1000].long = 4 #Modify mem

#Other States
project.factory.entry_state()
project.factory.blank_state() #Most of its data left uninitialized
project.factory.full_init_statetate() #Execute through any initializers that need to be run before the main binary's entry point
project.factory.call_state() #Ready to execute a given function.

#Simulation manager
#The simulation manager stores all the states across the execution of the binary
simgr = proj.factory.simulation_manager(state) #Start
simgr.step() #Execute one step
simgr.active[0].regs.rip #Get RIP from the last state

Chiamare funzioni

• Puoi passare un elenco di argomenti tramite args e un dizionario di variabili di ambiente tramite env in entry_state e full_init_state. I valori in queste strutture possono essere stringhe o bitvector, e saranno serializzati nello stato come argomenti e ambiente per l'esecuzione simulata. Il args predefinito è un elenco vuoto, quindi se il programma che stai analizzando si aspetta di trovare almeno un argv[0], dovresti sempre fornire quello!

• Se desideri che argc sia simbolico, puoi passare un bitvector simbolico come argc ai costruttori entry_state e full_init_state. Fai attenzione, però: se fai questo, dovresti anche aggiungere una restrizione allo stato risultante affinché il tuo valore per argc non possa essere maggiore del numero di argomenti che hai passato in args.

• Per utilizzare lo stato di chiamata, dovresti chiamarlo con .call_state(addr, arg1, arg2, ...), dove addr è l'indirizzo della funzione che desideri chiamare e argN è il N-esimo argomento per quella funzione, sia come intero python, stringa o array, o un bitvector. Se desideri avere memoria allocata e passare effettivamente un puntatore a un oggetto, dovresti avvolgerlo in un PointerWrapper, cioè angr.PointerWrapper("point to me!"). I risultati di questa API possono essere un po' imprevedibili, ma ci stiamo lavorando.

BitVectors

#BitVectors
state = proj.factory.entry_state()
bv = state.solver.BVV(0x1234, 32) #Create BV of 32bits with the value "0x1234"
state.solver.eval(bv) #Convert BV to python int
bv.zero_extend(30) #Will add 30 zeros on the left of the bitvector
bv.sign_extend(30) #Will add 30 zeros or ones on the left of the BV extending the sign

BitVector simbolici e vincoli

x = state.solver.BVS("x", 64) #Symbolic variable BV of length 64
y = state.solver.BVS("y", 64)

#Symbolic oprations
tree = (x + 1) / (y + 2)
tree #<BV64 (x_9_64 + 0x1) / (y_10_64 + 0x2)>
tree.op #'__floordiv__' Access last operation
tree.args #(<BV64 x_9_64 + 0x1>, <BV64 y_10_64 + 0x2>)
tree.args[0].op #'__add__' Access of dirst arg
tree.args[0].args #(<BV64 x_9_64>, <BV64 0x1>)
tree.args[0].args[1].op #'BVV'
tree.args[0].args[1].args #(1, 64)

#Symbolic constraints solver
state = proj.factory.entry_state() #Get a fresh state without constraints
input = state.solver.BVS('input', 64)
operation = (((input + 4) * 3) >> 1) + input
output = 200
state.solver.add(operation == output)
state.solver.eval(input) #0x3333333333333381
state.solver.add(input < 2**32)
state.satisfiable() #False

#Solver solutions
solver.eval(expression) #one possible solution
solver.eval_one(expression) #solution to the given expression, or throw an error if more than one solution is possible.
solver.eval_upto(expression, n) #n solutions to the given expression, returning fewer than n if fewer than n are possible.
solver.eval_atleast(expression, n) #n solutions to the given expression, throwing an error if fewer than n are possible.
solver.eval_exact(expression, n) #n solutions to the given expression, throwing an error if fewer or more than are possible.
solver.min(expression) #minimum possible solution to the given expression.
solver.max(expression) #maximum possible solution to the given expression.

Hooking

>>> stub_func = angr.SIM_PROCEDURES['stubs']['ReturnUnconstrained'] # this is a CLASS
>>> proj.hook(0x10000, stub_func())  # hook with an instance of the class

>>> proj.is_hooked(0x10000)            # these functions should be pretty self-explanitory
True
>>> proj.hooked_by(0x10000)
<ReturnUnconstrained>
>>> proj.unhook(0x10000)

>>> @proj.hook(0x20000, length=5)
... def my_hook(state):
...     state.regs.rax = 1

>>> proj.is_hooked(0x20000)
True

Inoltre, puoi utilizzare proj.hook_symbol(name, hook), fornendo il nome di un simbolo come primo argomento, per agganciare l'indirizzo in cui si trova il simbolo

Esempi

Impara e pratica il pentesting su AWS:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE) Impara e pratica il pentesting su GCP: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)

Supporta HackTricks

• Controlla i piani di abbonamento!

• Unisciti al 💬 gruppo Discord o al gruppo telegram o seguici su Twitter 🐦 @hacktricks_live.

• Condividi trucchi di hacking inviando PR ai HackTricks e HackTricks Cloud repos su github.