CF* vitu vinatoka CoreFoundation, ambayo inatoa zaidi ya madarasa 50 ya vitu kama CFString, CFNumber au CFAllocator.
Madarasa haya yote ni mifano ya darasa CFRuntimeClass, ambalo linapoitwa linarejesha kiashiria kwa __CFRuntimeClassTable. CFRuntimeClass imefafanuliwa katika CFRuntime.h:
// Some comments were added to the original code
enum { // Version field constants
_kCFRuntimeScannedObject = (1UL << 0),
_kCFRuntimeResourcefulObject = (1UL << 2), // tells CFRuntime to make use of the reclaim field
_kCFRuntimeCustomRefCount = (1UL << 3), // tells CFRuntime to make use of the refcount field
_kCFRuntimeRequiresAlignment = (1UL << 4), // tells CFRuntime to make use of the requiredAlignment field
};
typedef struct __CFRuntimeClass {
CFIndex version; // This is made a bitwise OR with the relevant previous flags
const char *className; // must be a pure ASCII string, nul-terminated
void (*init)(CFTypeRef cf); // Initializer function
CFTypeRef (*copy)(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFTypeRef cf); // Copy function, taking CFAllocatorRef and CFTypeRef to copy
void (*finalize)(CFTypeRef cf); // Finalizer function
Boolean (*equal)(CFTypeRef cf1, CFTypeRef cf2); // Function to be called by CFEqual()
CFHashCode (*hash)(CFTypeRef cf); // Function to be called by CFHash()
CFStringRef (*copyFormattingDesc)(CFTypeRef cf, CFDictionaryRef formatOptions); // Provides a CFStringRef with a textual description of the object// return str with retain
CFStringRef (*copyDebugDesc)(CFTypeRef cf); // CFStringRed with textual description of the object for CFCopyDescription
#define CF_RECLAIM_AVAILABLE 1
void (*reclaim)(CFTypeRef cf); // Or in _kCFRuntimeResourcefulObject in the .version to indicate this field should be used
// It not null, it's called when the last reference to the object is released
#define CF_REFCOUNT_AVAILABLE 1
// If not null, the following is called when incrementing or decrementing reference count
uint32_t (*refcount)(intptr_t op, CFTypeRef cf); // Or in _kCFRuntimeCustomRefCount in the .version to indicate this field should be used
// this field must be non-NULL when _kCFRuntimeCustomRefCount is in the .version field
// - if the callback is passed 1 in 'op' it should increment the 'cf's reference count and return 0
// - if the callback is passed 0 in 'op' it should return the 'cf's reference count, up to 32 bits
// - if the callback is passed -1 in 'op' it should decrement the 'cf's reference count; if it is now zero, 'cf' should be cleaned up and deallocated (the finalize callback above will NOT be called unless the process is running under GC, and CF does not deallocate the memory for you; if running under GC, finalize should do the object tear-down and free the object memory); then return 0
// remember to use saturation arithmetic logic and stop incrementing and decrementing when the ref count hits UINT32_MAX, or you will have a security bug
// remember that reference count incrementing/decrementing must be done thread-safely/atomically
// objects should be created/initialized with a custom ref-count of 1 by the class creation functions
// do not attempt to use any bits within the CFRuntimeBase for your reference count; store that in some additional field in your CF object
#pragma GCC diagnostic push
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-field-initializers"
#define CF_REQUIRED_ALIGNMENT_AVAILABLE 1
// If not 0, allocation of object must be on this boundary
uintptr_t requiredAlignment; // Or in _kCFRuntimeRequiresAlignment in the .version field to indicate this field should be used; the allocator to _CFRuntimeCreateInstance() will be ignored in this case; if this is less than the minimum alignment the system supports, you'll get higher alignment; if this is not an alignment the system supports (e.g., most systems will only support powers of two, or if it is too high), the result (consequences) will be up to CF or the system to decide
} CFRuntimeClass;
Objective-C
Sehemu za Kumbukumbu zinazotumika
Mengi ya data yanayotumiwa na ObjectiveC runtime yatabadilika wakati wa utekelezaji, kwa hivyo inatumia sehemu kadhaa kutoka kwa __DATA segment katika kumbukumbu:
__objc_msgrefs (message_ref_t): Marejeleo ya ujumbe
__objc_ivar (ivar): Vigezo vya mfano
__objc_data (...): Data inayoweza kubadilishwa
__objc_classrefs (Class): Marejeleo ya darasa
__objc_superrefs (Class): Marejeleo ya darasa la juu
__objc_protorefs (protocol_t *): Marejeleo ya itifaki
__objc_selrefs (SEL): Marejeleo ya mteule
__objc_const (...): Data ya darasa r/o na nyingine (tutatumai) data thabiti
__objc_imageinfo (version, flags): Inatumika wakati wa kupakia picha: Toleo kwa sasa 0; Bendera zinaelezea msaada wa GC uliopangwa mapema, nk.
__objc_protolist (protocol_t *): Orodha ya itifaki
__objc_nlcatlist (category_t): Kielekezi kwa Jamii zisizo za Laazimisha zilizofafanuliwa katika hii binary
__objc_catlist (category_t): Kielekezi kwa Jamii zilizofafanuliwa katika hii binary
__objc_nlclslist (classref_t): Kielekezi kwa Madarasa yasiyo ya Laazimisha ya Objective-C yaliyofafanuliwa katika hii binary
__objc_classlist (classref_t): Viashiria kwa madarasa yote ya Objective-C yaliyofafanuliwa katika hii binary
Inatumia pia sehemu chache katika __TEXT segment kuhifadhi thamani thabiti ikiwa haiwezekani kuandika katika sehemu hii:
__objc_methname (C-String): Majina ya mbinu
__objc_classname (C-String): Majina ya darasa
__objc_methtype (C-String): Aina za mbinu
Uandishi wa Aina
Objective-c inatumia mchanganyiko fulani kuandika aina za mteule na vigezo vya aina rahisi na ngumu:
Aina za msingi zinatumia herufi yao ya kwanza ya aina i kwa int, c kwa char, l kwa long... na inatumia herufi kubwa ikiwa ni isiyo na alama (L kwa unsigned Long).
Aina nyingine za data ambazo herufi zao zinatumika au ni maalum, zinatumia herufi au alama nyingine kama q kwa long long, b kwa bitfields, B kwa booleans, # kwa classes, @ kwa id, * kwa char pointers, ^ kwa pointers za jumla na ? kwa undefined.
Hii darasa hutumia baadhi ya bits za uwanja wa isa kuonyesha taarifa fulani kuhusu darasa.
Kisha, struct ina kiashiria kwa struct class_ro_t iliyohifadhiwa kwenye diski ambayo ina sifa za darasa kama jina lake, mbinu za msingi, mali na mabadiliko ya mfano.
Wakati wa wakati wa kukimbia, muundo wa ziada class_rw_t unatumika ukiwa na viashiria ambavyo vinaweza kubadilishwa kama mbinu, itifaki, mali...
