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143,993 - Pentesting IMAP

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Kikundi cha Usalama cha Kujitahidi Kwa Bidii

Itifaki ya Kufikia Ujumbe wa Mtandao

Itifaki ya Kufikia Ujumbe wa Mtandao (IMAP) imeundwa kwa lengo la kuruhusu watumiaji kufikia ujumbe wao wa barua pepe kutoka mahali popote, hasa kupitia muunganisho wa Mtandao. Kimsingi, barua pepe zinabaki kwenye server badala ya kupakuliwa na kuhifadhiwa kwenye kifaa cha mtu binafsi. Hii inamaanisha kwamba wakati barua pepe inapofikiwa au kusomwa, inafanywa moja kwa moja kutoka kwa server. Uwezo huu unaruhusu urahisi wa kuangalia barua pepe kutoka kwa vifaa vingi, kuhakikisha kwamba hakuna ujumbe unaopotea bila kujali kifaa kilichotumika.

Kwa chaguo-msingi, itifaki ya IMAP hufanya kazi kwenye bandari mbili:

  • Bandari 143 - hii ni bandari isiyojumuishwa ya IMAP ya chaguo-msingi

  • Bandari 993 - hii ndio bandari unayohitaji kutumia ikiwa unataka kuunganisha kwa kutumia IMAP kwa usalama

PORT    STATE SERVICE REASON
143/tcp open  imap    syn-ack

Kunasa bango

nc -nv <IP> 143
openssl s_client -connect <IP>:993 -quiet

NTLM Auth - Kufichua Taarifa

Ikiwa server inaunga mkono NTLM auth (Windows) unaweza kupata taarifa nyeti (toleo):

root@kali: telnet example.com 143
* OK The Microsoft Exchange IMAP4 service is ready.
>> a1 AUTHENTICATE NTLM
+
>> TlRMTVNTUAABAAAAB4IIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=
+ TlRMTVNTUAACAAAACgAKADgAAAAFgooCBqqVKFrKPCMAAAAAAAAAAEgASABCAAAABgOAJQAAAA9JAEkAUwAwADEAAgAKAEkASQBTADAAMQABAAoASQBJAFMAMAAxAAQACgBJAEkAUwAwADEAAwAKAEkASQBTADAAMQAHAAgAHwMI0VPy1QEAAAAA

Au automatize hii na nmap programu-jalizi imap-ntlm-info.nse

IMAP Kuvunja Nguvu

Muundo

Mifano ya Amri za IMAP kutoka hapa:

Login
A1 LOGIN username password
Values can be quoted to enclose spaces and special characters. A " must then be escape with a \
A1 LOGIN "username" "password"

List Folders/Mailboxes
A1 LIST "" *
A1 LIST INBOX *
A1 LIST "Archive" *

Create new Folder/Mailbox
A1 CREATE INBOX.Archive.2012
A1 CREATE "To Read"

Delete Folder/Mailbox
A1 DELETE INBOX.Archive.2012
A1 DELETE "To Read"

Rename Folder/Mailbox
A1 RENAME "INBOX.One" "INBOX.Two"

List Subscribed Mailboxes
A1 LSUB "" *

Status of Mailbox (There are more flags than the ones listed)
A1 STATUS INBOX (MESSAGES UNSEEN RECENT)

Select a mailbox
A1 SELECT INBOX

List messages
A1 FETCH 1:* (FLAGS)
A1 UID FETCH 1:* (FLAGS)

Retrieve Message Content
A1 FETCH 2 body[text]
A1 FETCH 2 all
A1 UID FETCH 102 (UID RFC822.SIZE BODY.PEEK[])

Close Mailbox
A1 CLOSE

Logout
A1 LOGOUT

Mabadiliko

apt install evolution

CURL

Uvumbuzi wa msingi unawezekana na CURL, lakini nyaraka zina maelezo machache hivyo ni vyema kuangalia chanzo kwa maelezo sahihi.

  1. Orodha ya masanduku ya barua (amri ya imap `LIST "" "*")

curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/' --user user:pass

  1. Kupanga ujumbe katika sanduku la barua (amri ya imap SELECT INBOX kisha SEARCH ALL)

curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX?ALL' --user user:pass

Matokeo ya utafutaji huu ni orodha ya viashiria vya ujumbe.

Pia niwezekano wa kutoa vigezo vya utafutaji vya kina zaidi. k.m. kutafuta rasimu zenye nenosiri kwenye mwili wa barua:

curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/Drafts?TEXT password' --user user:pass

A nice overview of the search terms possible is located here.

  1. Kupakua ujumbe (amri ya imap SELECT Drafts na kisha FETCH 1 BODY[])

curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/Drafts;MAILINDEX=1' --user user:pass

Maili ya index itakuwa index ile ile itakayorudishwa kutoka kwa operesheni ya utafutaji.

Pia niwezekano kutumia UID (kitambulisho cha kipekee) kufikia ujumbe, hata hivyo ni chini ya urahisi kwani amri ya utafutaji inahitaji kuandaliwa kwa mkono. K.m.

curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX' -X 'UID SEARCH ALL' --user user:pass
curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX;UID=1' --user user:pass

Pia, inawezekana kupakua sehemu tu ya ujumbe, kwa mfano mada na mtumaji wa ujumbe wa kwanza 5 ( -v inahitajika kuona mada na mtumaji):

$ curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX' -X 'FETCH 1:5 BODY[HEADER.FIELDS (SUBJECT FROM)]' --user user:pass -v 2>&1 | grep '^<'

Ingawa, ni safi zaidi kuandika kitanzi kidogo:

for m in {1..5}; do
echo $m
curl "imap://1.2.3.4/INBOX;MAILINDEX=$m;SECTION=HEADER.FIELDS%20(SUBJECT%20FROM)" --user user:pass
done

Shodan

  • port:143 UWEZO

  • port:993 UWEZO

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Amri za Kiotomatiki za HackTricks

Protocol_Name: IMAP    #Protocol Abbreviation if there is one.
Port_Number:  143,993     #Comma separated if there is more than one.
Protocol_Description: Internet Message Access Protocol         #Protocol Abbreviation Spelled out

Entry_1:
Name: Notes
Description: Notes for WHOIS
Note: |
The Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) is designed for the purpose of enabling users to access their email messages from any location, primarily through an Internet connection. In essence, emails are retained on a server rather than being downloaded and stored on an individual's personal device. This means that when an email is accessed or read, it is done directly from the server. This capability allows for the convenience of checking emails from multiple devices, ensuring that no messages are missed regardless of the device used.

https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting/pentesting-imap

Entry_2:
Name: Banner Grab
Description: Banner Grab 143
Command: nc -nv {IP} 143

Entry_3:
Name: Secure Banner Grab
Description: Banner Grab 993
Command: openssl s_client -connect {IP}:993 -quiet

Entry_4:
Name: consolesless mfs enumeration
Description: IMAP enumeration without the need to run msfconsole
Note: sourced from https://github.com/carlospolop/legion
Command: msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/imap/imap_version; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 143; run; exit'
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